Have you experienced an event or events in your life that were so traumatic they were outside the realm of normal experience? If so, trauma may have shaped your mind and body toward anxiety, just as it can shape your mind and body toward depression. If this resonates with you, look at the lists below and check off the items that apply to your life right now.

Mind Symptoms of PTSD

• You experienced painful emotional or physical trauma in your family growing up.
• You’ve suffered emotional or physical trauma in one or more of your relationships.
• There has been an event in your life in which you’ve been threatened with such serious physical or emotional harm that it would be out of the range of what we consider normal life experience.
• Some examples might be living through war, witnessing an accident with loss of life or limb, experiencing rape or incest, or seeing your children suffer abuse.
• Whatever the trauma you’ve experienced, you tend to have “repeat performances” of this painful pattern in one relationship after another, one job after another, and so on. The painful pattern seems to replay over and over in your life like the movie Groundhog Day.
• You have thought patterns of terror, fright, panic, and edginess.
• You have a feeling that you might be hurt or harmed, or that someone might reject or criticize you.
• You believe you won’t get the help you need.
• You feel you’re incompetent to change the situation.
• You feel like you’re going crazy.

Body Symptoms of PTSD

In addition to the symptoms in the previous section, you may have these:

• Trembling and shaking
• Hot flashes and cold chills
• Numbness and tingling
• Nausea or a sick feeling in your stomach
• Pressure in your chest
• A pounding heart
• Cold sweats
• Shortness of breath
• A lump in your throat
• Dizziness and vertigo
• Feeling like you’re “out of your body”
• Feeling like you’re dying

You’ll

find that trauma can rewire the brain, and if the above descriptions sound familiar to you, read on. You will have a whole host of solutions you can use with your health care team to create physical relief and emotional serenity.

DOLLY: ANXIETY AFTER A TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCE
Dolly, 28, came to Mona Lisa Shultz, M.D., Ph.D. because her family was concerned for her after a traumatic childhood. Here is Dr. Lisa’s account:

THE INTUITIVE READING
I saw Dolly as if she were in a house and someone was walking in and out and slamming the door. The individual in the house who seemed to be creating terror seemed to have violent mood swings, so potent that they would affect people nearby, in the same room or even on other floors of the house. It felt like Dolly’s world was threatened, and the horror of being around this person reverberated in her body.

After meeting that family, I saw that Dolly’s life seemed unstable in so many realms. Did she have a hard time making friends outside of her family? I had a hard time seeing a partner or other relationships. It didn’t seem like she could last in a job and make enough money to support herself.

THE BODY
Her head felt shaky. Her body felt shaky. Everything about Dolly’s mind and body felt nervous. Was there dizziness and vertigo in her head? I sensed a lump in her throat. It seemed that she was constantly out of breath, and her heart skipped a beat in a way that was terrifying.

I could see that her digestive tract tended to look like it had butterflies in it, giving her that nauseous feeling. All the muscles in her body seemed tight, making her feel exhausted. I could see Dolly up all hours of the night trying to get to sleep.

THE FACTS
It turned out that Dolly had seen her father beat her mother on multiple occasions. His explosive temper drove away everyone except, of course, Dolly. Dolly still lived with her father because she couldn’t manage to find Mr. Right, nor could she make any job last. Her problems with focus and attention made it hard for her to finish school, and she was soon diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Dolly told me that doctors gave her antidepressants for irritability, and then they said she had bipolar disorder, the idea of which she thought was ridiculous. Dolly began to medicate away the memories of her father’s violence with alcohol and marijuana. All she wanted was to have the episodes of panic go away. She wanted the chest pounding, the choking, the trembling, the nausea all to just leave so she could start to have a happy life.

What is PTSD?

Many of us have events in our life that are traumatic. A parent dies when we’re in middle age. One of our children gets a minor illness and we’re terrified that they may not survive. A child may be diagnosed with a learning disability, or we may have a fender bender on the highway.

All of us have the resilience in our brains and bodies to bounce back; however, when we experience an event that is over the top in magnitude, such as up-close, personal experience of war, watching a loved one die, being a victim of rape or abuse, and so on, the horrific memories get laid down in our brains and bodies.

Psychiatry names this post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The most recent studies with brain scans indicate that in PTSD sufferers, the fear network is not working properly. Whether it’s revealed by PET scans or magnetic spectroscopy, we know that the elements of the network produce aberrant amounts of serotonin, GABA, or other neurotransmitters.³

If you, like the person in this case, have had serious trauma in your life, you may suffer from anxiety as well as depression and from its effects in your brain and body. First, understand that part of all life is distress.

From the moment we’re born, we cry. It’s painful. Daily all of us have one event or another that causes distress. Some amount of “stress,” pain, is necessary for us to grow and develop. Some even believe that crisis is necessary to challenge us and force us forward to accomplish greater and greater feats.

Symptoms of PTSD

Whether it’s taking our first steps or the anxiety we face on the first day of kindergarten or the first day of college, all of us have to face normal amounts of fear and other feelings so we can recruit other brain regions to adjust our thoughts and move on to the next life mission.

However, if we’ve been threatened or someone close to us has been threatened with bodily harm or sexual violence, this can be considered PTSD if four basic symptoms continue longer than a month:

1. You keep having reverberating memories of the event in the form of dreams, images, or body reactions.
2. You go out of your way to avoid situations that remind you of the event. This might be avoiding a highway or highways around it after you’ve had a car accident, or avoiding the sounds of airports if you’ve seen a helicopter crash, and so on. You avoid situations where you hear, see, or sense reminders of the trauma.
3. You have changes in how your thoughts work, your mood functions, and your body functions after the event. Your memory is like a fog. You can’t remember events. You may feel like you’re out of your body, you dissociate, and as a result you may have a distorted memory of events. You may either blame yourself or you blame the world. You may start to withdraw from activities. You may feel numb or detached from loved ones. And somehow, that overall dulling in your brain makes it hard for you to experience love, joy, and satisfaction.
4. Last but not least, your body remains keyed up after the trauma with norepinephrine, that adrenal gland stress hormone, which causes you to be jumpy, reactive, and hypervigilant; your muscles will tighten, and you’ll get exhausted. This also makes it hard for you to focus, pay attention, and, yes, fall asleep. Your jumpiness and moodiness may make you more likely to have anger outbursts, causing problems with your relationships, your job, or your functioning as a whole.

The symptoms of panic with PTSD are not the most paralyzing consequence. What is the most paralyzing consequence is you restrict your life. You start to avoid things that remind you of the trauma.

The circle of avoidance gets greater and greater and greater and greater. Those highways you started to avoid after the accident start to become back roads as well, until you stop driving completely. Hearing traffic noises may bother you, at which time you start closing the windows in your house and just don’t want to listen to any kind of car at all. You may stay home more and more.

When people start to tell you, “Hey, listen, you’re getting more and more restricted in your life,” you’ll say, “Well, I could do more, but I’d rather not.” You start to think, What would happen if? Well, I could go in a car, but what if an accident happens? A minority of people, 5 percent, actually end up unable to leave their homes, a homebound situation called agoraphobia.

PTSD Treatments

If you have suffered from a serious traumain your life that affects your mind and body, these solutions can help you support your brain and body as you heal the past and create a healthier mind-body for greater happiness in the present and the future.

When it comes to suffering from panic after a trauma, it’s important to look at all the medical conditions that could make your anxiety, nervousness, and twitchiness worse.

Have a physician check out your thyroid, your blood sugar, your calcium, and your adrenal gland. Hyperthyroidism, Cushing’s syndrome (excessive cortisol or adrenal gland exhaustion), and a parathyroid gland problem can all mimic or worsen panic attacks.

Go to a cardiologist and have an EKG to check out your heart rhythm.

If you have symptoms of dizziness, vertigo, and feeling “out of your body,” go to a neurologist to make sure you aren’t also having a brain wave problem.

Go to an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) doctor to make sure your middle ear isn’t also causing some symptom.

Notice I’m not saying that if you treat these physical health problems, your panic will completely go away.

Traumatic experience may increase your chance toward having all of these disorders, so it’s important to treat both the physical problems and the emotional distress.

While you’re at it, make sure that your shortness of breath isn’t made worse by allergies or asthma.

Have a trusted coach, counselor, or nutritionist go over your diet to make sure that medicine, supplements, or foods aren’t making your panic worse, especially caffeine and alcohol, not to mention cocaine and marijuana.

You might say, “Marijuana? How could that possibly make my panic worse?”

Well, it may make you calm at first, but over time it will make your brain foggier in terms of attention and memory. It’s called “borrowing from Peter to pay Paul.”

Using marijuana may calm your nerves but mess up your attention; using alcohol can help you fall asleep, but you’ll end up feeling more depressed. It’s important to work with a trusted practitioner to balance your psychopharmacology so that the things you’re doing to self-medicate your panic aren’t making your brain and body worse.

loud.

We hope these positive affirmations by Louise Hay bring you comfort, prosperity, healing, and love in your life as they have in all of ours.

Let’s affirm:

1. Life loves me!
2. All is well in my world. Everything is working out for my highest good. Out of this situation only good will come. I am safe!
3. It’s only a thought, and a thought can be changed.
4. The point of power is always in the present moment.
5. Every thought we think is creating our future.
6. I am in the process of positive change.
7. I am comfortable looking in the mirror, saying, “I love you, I really love you.”
8. It is safe to look within.
9. I forgive myself and set myself free.
10. As I say yes to life, life says yes to me.
11. I now go beyond other people’s fears and limitations.
12. I am Divinely guided and protected at all times.
13. I claim my power and move beyond all limitations.
14. I trust the process of life.
15. I am deeply fulfilled by all that I do.
16. We are all family, and the planet is our home.
17. As I forgive myself, it becomes easier to forgive others.
18. I am willing to let go.
19. Deep at the center of my being is an infinite well of love.
20. I prosper wherever I turn.
21. I welcome miracles into my life.
22. Whatever I need to know is revealed to me at exactly the right time.
23. I am loved, and I am at peace.
24. My happy thoughts help create my healthy body.
25. Life supports me in every possible way.
26. My day begins and ends with gratitude.
27. I listen with love to my body’s messages.
28. The past is over.
29. Only good can come to me.
30. I am beautiful, and everybody loves me.
31. Everyone I encounter today has my best interests at heart.
32. I always work with and for wonderful people. I love my job.
33. Filling my mind with pleasant thoughts is the quickest road to health.
34. I am healthy, whole, and complete.
35. I am at home in my body.
36. I devote a portion of my time to helping others. It is good for my own health.
37. I am greeted by love wherever I go.
38. Wellness is the natural state of my body. I am in perfect health.
39. I am pain free and totally in sync with life.
40. I am very thankful for all the love in my life. I find it everywhere.
41. I know that old, negative patterns no longer limit me. I let them go with ease.
42. In the infinity of life where I am, all is perfect, whole, and complete.
43. I trust my intuition. I am willing to listen to that still, small voice within.
44. I am willing to ask for help when I need it.
45. I forgive myself for not being perfect.
46. I honor who I am.
47. I attract only healthy relationships. I am always treated well.
48. I do not have to prove myself to anyone.
49. I come from the loving space of my heart, and I know that love opens all doors.
50. I am in harmony with nature.
51. I welcome new ideas.
52. Today, no person, place, or thing can irritate or annoy me. I choose to be at peace.
53. I am safe in the Universe and All Life loves and supports me.
54. I experience love wherever I go.
55. I am willing to change.
56. I drink lots of water to cleanse my body and mind.
57. I choose to see clearly with the eyes of love.
58. I cross all bridges with joy and ease.
59. I release all drama from my life.
60. Loving others is easy when I love and accept myself.
61. I balance my life between work, rest, and play.
62. I return to the basics of life: forgiveness, courage, gratitude, love, and humor.
63. I am in charge, I now take my own power back.
64. My body appreciates how I take care of it.
65. I spend time with positive, energetic people.
66. The more peaceful I am inside, the more peace I have to share with others.
67. Today is a sacred gift from Life.
68. I have the courage to live my dreams.
69. I release all negative thoughts of the past and all worries about the future.
70. I forgive everyone in my past for all perceived wrongs. I release them with love.
71. I only speak positively about those in my world. Negativity has no part in my life.
72. We are all eternal spirit.
73. I act as if I already have what I want—it’s an excellent way to attract happiness in my life.
74. I enjoy the foods that are best for my body.
75. My life gets better all the time.
76. It is safe for me to speak up for myself.
77. I live in the paradise of my own creation.
78. Perfect health is my Divine right, and I claim it now.
79. I release all criticism.
80. I am on an ever-changing journey.
81. I am grateful for my healthy body. I love life.
82. Love flows through my body, healing all dis-ease.
83. My income is constantly increasing.
84. My healing is already in process.
85. There is always more to learn.
86. I now live in limitless love, light, and joy.
87. I become more lovable every day.
88. It is now safe for me to release all of my childhood traumas and move into love.
89. I deserve all that is good.
90. I am constantly discovering new ways to improve my health.
91. Love is all there is!
92. My life gets more fabulous every day.
93. Today I am at peace.
94. Loving others is easy when I love and accept myself.
95. I have the perfect living space.
96. I have compassion for all.
97. I trust the Universe to help me see the good in everything and in everyone.
98. I love my family members just as they are. I do not try to change anyone.
99. There is plenty for everyone, and we bless and prosper each other.
100. I love and approve of myself.
101. Life is good, and so it is!

We hope that as you say your favorite daily affirmations you will see your life transform in more positive, more uplifting ways. As Louise famously taught, you can heal your life!

Background

Internet of Things (IoT) devices for remote monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment are widely viewed as an important future direction for medicine, including for bipolar disorder and other mental illness. The number of smart, connected devices is expanding rapidly. IoT devices are being introduced in all aspects of everyday life, including devices in the home and wearables on the body. IoT devices are increasingly used in psychiatric research, and in the future may help to detect emotional reactions, mood states, stress, and cognitive abilities. This narrative review discusses some of the important fundamental issues related to the rapid growth of IoT devices.

Main body

Articles were searched between December 2019 and February 2020. Topics discussed include background on the growth of IoT, the security, safety and privacy issues related to IoT devices, and the new roles in the IoT economy for manufacturers, patients, and healthcare organizations.

Conclusions

The use of IoT devices will increase throughout psychiatry. The scale, complexity and passive nature of data collection with IoT devices

and from the connectivity between patients, healthcare providers, and device makers. Security, privacy and personal safety issues related to IoT devices are changing the roles of manufacturers, patients, physicians and healthcare IT organizations. Effective and safe use of IoT devices in psychiatry requires an understanding of these changes.

Background

The era of the Internet of Things (IoT) has arrived, where smart, connected technologies are being embedded in everyday objects such as cars, toothbrushes, washing machines, and physical infrastructure on a massive scale. The use of IoT devices for remote monitoring, diagnosis and treatment, is viewed as an important way to improve and expand individualized medical care and assist with lowering costs, including for bipolar disorder and other mental illness (Deloitte 2018; de la Torre Díez et al. 2018). While there is no standard definition, the IoT describes “the extension of network connectivity and computing capability to objects, devices, sensors and items not ordinarily considered to be computers” (Internet Society 2015). IoT devices can be thought of as physical devices with embedded technology that can sense, generate, store, and send data, and sometimes respond to commands via actuators that can modify the physical world. Increasingly, IoT devices will be installed in the home for medical purposes as selected by patients or recommended by physicians.

Real stories

Watch and listen to people with bipolar I share the realities of what it’s like to live with the highs and lows of the condition. Each person’s story and journey is different. What’s yours?

The people featured in these videos are sharing their individual experiences living with bipolar I. They have all been compensated for their time. Individual experiences with the condition and treatment will vary. These videos are brought to you by Allergan, maker of VRAYLAR. Talk to your healthcare provider to see if VRAYLAR may be right for you.

See Christine’s story with bipolar

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See Gabe’s story with bipolar

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What mania and bipolar depression feel like

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My journey to a bipolar I diagnosis

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Why is friend and family support so important when living with bipolar?

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Advice to others who may be living with bipolar I

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Approaches to managing bipolar I

Present Tense AffirmationsI act nowI am a doerI take charge and get things doneI am always moving forward and working on my goalsI work hard first and play laterI always start a project right awayI always get a head start and have plenty of time to complete my workOthers admire that I make things happen now rather than laterI complete projects with plenty of time to spareI am someone who seizes the moment and takes actionFuture Tense AffirmationsI am turning into a proactive personI will stop procrastination and change my lifeI will become someone who takes actionI am finding it easier to begin large projectsI will always get started right away, even if I don’t feel like itI am becoming more productive with each passing momentI am changing into someone who effortlessly gets things doneI will take charge of my time and achieve my goalsTaking immediate action is becoming a natural part of who I amI am finding that I naturally choose work over procrastinationNatural AffirmationsI love the feeling of getting a head startIt’s normal for me to start projects earlyBeing proactive comes naturally to meI take action and get things doneMaking the best use of my time comes easy to meI’m the kind of person who always dives straight into my workI enjoy starting quickly and beating others to the punchMaking things happen is just what I doOthers rely on me because I always follow throughI enjoy working hard and getting things done

anger management

Present Tense Affirmations 
I am in control 
I am calm, focused, and relaxed
I remain calm even when under intense stress
I have the power to regulate my emotions
I always stay calm in difficult or frustrating situations
I am able to diffuse my anger and channel it in a more productive way
I control my anger by expressing myself in a firm yet positive manner
I always speak my mind rather than let frustrations build up
I am able to calm myself down and detach from anger
I allow myself to acknowledge angry feelings without losing control

Future Tense Affirmations 
I will control myself 
I am starting to effectively manage my anger
Staying relaxed is becoming easier
I will remain calm and centered in frustrating situations
Managing my anger will create a better life for myself and my loved ones
I am transforming into someone who confronts problems constructively
Each day it is becoming easier to diffuse my anger
I am gaining more and more control over my emotions
I will become a positive person whom others can turn to without fear
Anger management is changing my life for the better

Natural Affirmations
Being calm, relaxed, and in control is normal for me
Controlling my anger comes naturally to me
I find it easy to calm myself down and relax
It is important that I learn to manage my anger
I believe I can break free from anger and live a better life
Diffusing anger is easy for me
Thinking positively in tough situations is just something I do naturally
I owe it to myself to manage my anger
Managing anger will help to repair and strengthen my bond to friends and family
I am a naturally calm, easy going, and positive person

To celebrate her incredible life, we’ve selected 101 of our favorite Louise Hay Affirmations

Louise Hay

Louise Hay dedicated her life to teaching people how to live a positive and empowered life, often with the aid of positive statements and beliefs, which she called affirmations. Louise taught that your point of power is always in the present moment, where you plant the mental seeds for creating new experiences. You’re never stuck, for you can choose new thoughts and new ways of thinking. Your future can always be more positive, more loving and more prosperous. Think about how you’d like to live and what you’d like to accomplish as you read affirmations out loud.

We hope these positive affirmations by Louise Hay bring you comfort, prosperity, healing, and love in your life as they have in all of ours.
Let’s affirm:

Life loves me!

All is well in my world. Everything is working out for my highest good. Out of this situation only good will come. I am safe!

It’s only a thought, and a thought can be changed.

The point of power is always in the present moment.

Every thought we think is creating our future.

I am in the process of positive change.

I am comfortable looking in the mirror, saying, “I love you, I really love you.”

It is safe to look within.

I forgive myself and set myself free.

As I say yes to life, life says yes to me.

I now go beyond other people’s fears and limitations.

I am Divinely guided and protected at all times.

I claim my power and move beyond all limitations.

I trust the process of life.

I am deeply fulfilled by all that I do.

We are all family, and the planet is our home.

As I forgive myself, it becomes easier to forgive others.

I am willing to let go.

Deep at the center of my being is an infinite well of love.

I prosper wherever I turn.

I 

 miracles into my life.

Whatever I need to know is revealed to me at exactly the right time.

I am loved, and I am at peace.

My happy thoughts help create my healthy body.

Life supports me in every possible way.

My day begins and ends with gratitude.

I listen with love to my body’s messages.

The past is over.

Only good can come to me.

I am beautiful, and everybody loves me.

Everyone I encounter today has my best interests at heart.

I always work with and for wonderful people. I love my job.

Filling my mind with pleasant thoughts is the quickest road to health.

I am healthy, whole, and complete.

I am at home in my body.

I devote a portion of my time to helping others. It is good for my own health.

I am greeted by love wherever I go.

Wellness is the natural state of my body. I am in perfect health.

I am pain free and totally in sync with life.

I am very thankful for all the love in my life. I find it everywhere.

I know that old, negative patterns no longer limit me. I let them go with ease.

In the infinity of life where I am, all is perfect, whole, and complete.

I trust my intuition. I am willing to listen to that still, small voice within.

I am willing to ask for help when I need it.

I forgive myself for not being perfect.

I honor who I am.

I attract only healthy relationships. I am always treated well.

I do not have to prove myself to anyone.

I come from the loving space of my heart, and I know that love opens all doors.

I am in harmony with nature.

I 

 new ideas.

Today, no person, place, or thing can irritate or annoy me. I choose to be at peace.

I am safe in the Universe and All Life loves and supports me.

I experience love wherever I go.

I am willing to change.

I drink lots of water to cleanse my body and mind.

I choose to see clearly with the eyes of love.

I cross all bridges with joy and ease.

I release all drama from my life.

Loving others is easy when I love and accept myself.

I balance my life between work, rest, and play.

I return to the basics of life: forgiveness, courage, gratitude, love, and humor.

I am in charge, I now take my own power back.

My body appreciates how I take care of it.

I spend time with positive, energetic people.

The more peaceful I am inside, the more peace I have to share with others.

Today is a sacred gift from Life.

I have the courage to live my dreams.

I release all negative thoughts of the past and all worries about the future.

I forgive everyone in my past for all perceived wrongs. I release them with love.

I only speak positively about those in my world. Negativity has no part in my life.

We are all eternal spirit.

I act as if I already have what I want—it’s an excellent way to attract happiness in my life.

I enjoy the foods that are best for my body.

My life gets better all the time.

It is safe for me to speak up for myself.

I live in the paradise of my own creation.

Perfect health is my Divine right, and I claim it now.

I release all criticism.

I am on an ever-changing journey.

I am grateful for my healthy body. I love life.

Love flows through my body, healing all dis-ease.

My income is constantly increasing.

My healing is already in process.

There is always more to learn.

I now live in limitless love, light, and joy.

I become more lovable every day.

It is now safe for me to release all of my childhood traumas and move into love.

I deserve all that is good.

I am constantly discovering new ways to improve my health.

Love is all there is!

My life gets more fabulous every day.

Today I am at peace.

Loving others is easy when I love and accept myself.

I have the perfect living space.

I have compassion for all.

I trust the Universe to help me see the good in everything and in everyone.

I love my family members just as they are. I do not try to change anyone.

There is plenty for everyone, and we bless and prosper each other.

I love and approve of myself.

Life is good, and so it is!

Anxiety can impact physical and mental health. There are short- and long-term effects on both the mind and body.

While many people know about the effects of anxiety on mental health, fewer people are aware of the physical side effects, which can include digestive issues and an increased risk of infection. Anxiety can also change the function of the cardiovascular, urinary, and respiratory systems.

In this article, we discuss the most common physical symptoms and side effects of anxiety.

Symptoms

Share on PinterestExcessive worry and nervousness are characteristics of anxiety.

People with anxiety can experience a range of physical and psychological symptoms. The most common include:

• feeling nervous, tense, or fearful
• restlessness
• panic attacks, in severe cases
• a rapid heart rate
• fast breathing, or hyperventilation
• sweating
• shaking
• fatigue
• weakness
• dizziness
• difficulty concentrating
• sleep problems
• nausea
• digestive issues
• feeling too cold or too hot
• chest pain

Some anxiety disorders have additional symptoms. For example, OCD also causes:

• obsessive thoughts
• compulsive behaviors that aim to reduce the anxiety caused by the thoughts
• periods of temporary relief, which follow the compulsive behaviors

Effects of anxiety on the body

Share on PinterestDizziness and lightheadedness are potential symptoms of anxiety.

Anxiety can have a significant effect on the body, and long-term anxiety increases the risk of developing chronic physical conditions.

The medical community suspects that anxiety develops in the amygdala, an area of the brain that manages emotional responses.

When a person becomes anxious, stressed, or frightened, the brain sends signals to other parts of the body. The signals communicate that the body should prepare to fight or flee.

The body responds, for example, by releasing adrenaline and cortisol, which many describe as stress hormones.

The fight or flight response is useful when confronting an aggressive person, but it is less helpful when going for a job interview or giving a presentation. Also, it is not healthy for this response to persist in the long term.

Some of the ways that anxiety affects the body include:

Breathing and respiratory changes

During periods of anxiety, a person’s breathing may become rapid and shallow, which is called hyperventilation.

Hyperventilation allows the lungs to take in more oxygen and transport it around the body quickly. Extra oxygen helps the body prepare to fight or flee.

Hyperventilation can make people feel like they are not getting enough oxygen and they may gasp for breath. This can worsen hyperventilation and its symptoms, which include:

• dizziness
• feeling faint
• lightheadedness
• tingling
• weakness

Cardiovascular system response

Anxiety can cause changes to the heart rate and the circulation of blood throughout the body.

A faster heart rate makes it easier to flee or fight, while increased blood flow brings fresh oxygen and nutrients to the muscles.

When blood vessels narrow, this is called vasoconstriction, and it can affect body temperature. People often experience hot flashes as a result of vasoconstriction.

In response, the body sweats to cool down. This can sometimes be too effective and make a person feel cold.

Long-term anxiety may not be good for the cardiovascular system and heart health. Some studiesTrusted Source suggest that anxiety increases the risk of heart diseases in otherwise healthy people.

Impaired immune function

In the short-term, anxiety boosts the immune system’s responses. However, prolonged anxiety can have the opposite effect.

Cortisol prevents the release of substances that cause inflammation, and it turns off aspects of the immune system that fight infections, impairing the body’s natural immune response.

People with chronic anxiety disorders may be more likely to get the common cold, the flu, and other types of infection.

Changes in digestive function

Cortisol blocks processes that the body considers nonessential in a fight or flight situation.

One of these blocked processes is digestion. Also, adrenaline reduces blood flow and relaxes the stomach muscles.

As a result, a person with anxiety may experience nausea, diarrhea, and a feeling that the stomach is churning. They may also lose their appetite.

Some researchTrusted Source suggests that stress and depression are linked to several digestive diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

One studyTrusted Source, of outpatients at a gastroenterology clinic in Mumbai, reported that 30–40 percent of participants with IBS also had anxiety or depression.

Urinary response

Anxiety and stress can increase the need to urinate, and this reaction is more common in people with phobias.

The need to urinate or a loss of control over urination may have an evolutionary basis, as it is easier to flee with an empty bladder.

However, the link between anxiety and an increased urge to urinate remains unclear.null

Complications and long-term effects

Share on PinterestInsomnia is a potential complication of anxiety.

Having anxiety can lead to long-term negative effects. People with anxiety may experience:

• depression
• digestive issues
• insomnia
• chronic pain conditions
• difficulties with school, work, or socializing
• a loss of interest in sex
• substance abuse disorders
• suicidal thoughts

Causes and risk factors

The medical community has yet to identify the cause of anxiety, but several factors may contribute to its development. Causes and risk factors may include:

• traumatic life experiences
• genetic traits
• medical conditions, such as heart disease, diabetes, or chronic pain conditions
• medication use
• sex, as females are more likely to experience anxiety than males
• substance abuse
• ongoing stress about work, finances, or home life
• having other mental health disorders

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Diagnosis

To make a diagnosis, a doctor will evaluate symptoms and check for any underlying medical conditions that may be triggering the anxiety.

Diagnosis will depend on the type of anxiety disorder a person appears to have. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM–5) provides criteria that can help identify the issues and decide on appropriate treatment.

Treatment

Anxiety is highly treatable, and doctors usually recommend a combination of some of the following:

• medication
• therapy
• support groups
• lifestyle changes involving physical activity and meditation

The doctor may suggest counseling, either one-on-one or in a group. Cognitive behavioral therapy is one strategy that can help a person see events and experiences in a different way.

What is an anxiety disorder?

Anxiety describes a group of disorders that cause worry, nervousness, and fear. These feelings of anxiety interfere with everyday life and are out of proportion to the triggering object or event.

In some cases, people are unable to identify a trigger and feel anxious for what seems like no reason.

While mild anxiety can be expected in some situations, such as before an important presentation or meeting, persistent anxiety can interfere with a person’s well-being.

According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, anxiety disorders represent the most common mental illness in the United States and affect 40 million adults in the country every year.

While these disorders respond well to treatment, but only 36.9 percent of people with an anxiety disorder receive treatment.

Types of anxiety disorders include:

• Generalized anxiety disorder — excessive anxiety for no apparent reason that lasts for 6 months or longer
• Social anxiety — fear of judgment or humiliation in social situations
• Separation anxiety — fear of being away from home or family
• Phobia — fear of a specific activity, object, or situation
• Hypochondriasis — persistent fear of having serious health issues
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) — recurring thoughts that cause specific behaviors
• Post-traumatic stress disorder — severe anxiety after a traumatic event or events

Outlook

Anxiety is the most common mental health disorder in the U.S. It causes both physical and psychological symptoms, and it can be very distressing.

Long-term anxiety increases the risk of physical illnesses and other mental health conditions, such as depression.

However, anxiety can respond very well to treatment. Most people who receive treatment recover well and can enjoy a good quality of life.

A hot flash is a sudden and unexpected feeling of warmth or intense heat. People experiencing a hot flash may feel hot, sweaty, or flushed in their face and neck.

Depending on the cause, a person may also experience heart palpitations, dizziness, or lightheadedness.

Hot flashes are most commonly associated with perimenopause or menopause. However, people can experience symptoms that resemble a hot flash for a variety of reasons.

Can anxiety cause hot flashes? 

Feeling hot or flushed is a common symptom of anxiety. In times of panic or stress, a person may feel a sudden sensation of heat, similar to that of a hot flash.

This happens due to the “fight, flight, freeze, or fawn” response, which is the body’s way of preparing for perceived danger. The body releases stress hormones that send blood to the muscles and increase circulation, which can contribute to feeling hot.

As a result, a person may feel unexpectedly hot if caught off guard by anxiety or stress, or if they are experiencing a panic attack. 

An older 2006 study found that children with anxiety sometimes experienced sweating and blushing. These and other physical symptoms of anxiety were more pronounced in those with severe anxiety and impairment.

However, it is worth noting that stress and anxiety can also be a hot flash trigger for those in perimenopause. Some people also report experiencing hot flashes or night sweats while on their period.

Learn more about hot flashes during a period.null

Other symptoms of anxiety

Other symptoms that may indicate a person is experiencing anxiety include:

• feeling agitated or restless
• feeling “on edge”
• having an elevated heart rate
• breathing quickly or shallowly
• feeling muscle tension or aches
• having difficulty falling or staying asleep
• finding it difficult to concentrate due to anxious thoughts

During a panic attack, which is an intense period of anxiety that typically peaks after several minutes, people develop:

• rapid breathing that is difficult to control (hyperventilation)
• a pounding heart
• a choking sensation, or feeling that something is stuck in the throat (globus pharyngeus)
• sweating
• trembling
• intense panic or feeling that things are out of control
• an urge to escape

Panic attacks can occur because of a specific worry or event, or they may come on unexpectedly.nullADVERTISINGnullADVERTISEMENTExplore new calming exercises with Calm

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How to cope

When a person feels anxious and hot, they can do things to help the feeling pass. These include:

• finding somewhere cool and quiet
• taking some slow, deep breaths
• taking off a layer of clothing, if possible
• drinking some cold water
• continuing to inhale and exhale slowly, focusing on each breath, until feeling less anxious

Other coping techniques people may find helpful include:

• breathing exercises, such as box breathing or 4-7-8 breathing
• the emotional freedom technique (EFT), which involves tapping points on the body
• squeezing a stress ball

Learn more coping methods for anxiety.null

Reducing anxiety and hot flashes

It can be difficult to cope with the physical symptoms of anxiety. Sometimes, people fear these symptoms, which creates more anxiety. 

Breaking this cycle, and tackling other causes for anxiety, can help. People who regularly feel anxious can seek support and treatment.

Some strategies for managing anxiety include: 

• Talk therapy: Talk therapies allow people to talk about how they feel in an understanding, nonjudgemental environment. A therapist can help someone identify the causes for their anxiety and learn how to address them.
• Relaxation techniques: Making relaxation and mindfulness part of a daily routine can help with anxiety, as well as its impact on sleep and concentration. A person may wish to try yoga, tai chi, meditation, mindful hobbies, massage, or spending time in nature.
• Medication: Medications such as antidepressants can relieve the symptoms of anxiety. They do not treat the underlying cause, but they can improve a person’s quality of life and ability to participate in therapy.
• Social support: Connection and support from friends and family can help during anxiety treatment. People can also join support groups and talk to others with similar experiences.

Learn more about treatments for anxiety here.MEDICAL NEWS TODAY NEWSLETTERKnowledge is power. Get our free daily newsletter. 

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Is it anxiety or menopause? 

Research suggests that there is a strong association between anxiety, menopause, and hot flashes.

A 2016 studyTrusted Source followed 233 females experiencing menopause for 14 years to assess the connection. The study found that while most participants (72%) reported moderate to severe hot flashes, those who experienced somatic anxiety were three times more likely to report them.

Somatic anxiety refers to anxiety that causes physical symptoms. As a result, it may be easy to confuse the symptoms of perimenopause or menopause with the symptoms of anxiety. Sometimes, they may occur at the same time.

Some people may feel anxious about their hot flashes and fear having another. Some may have preexisting anxiety as they enter menopause, which typically occurs around age 45–50.

Doctors often determine if a person is entering menopause based on their symptoms. Sometimes, they may perform a blood test. It is more likely that a person’s hot flashes are menopause related if that person:

• is over the age of 40 and has irregular periods
• has other signs of perimenopause, such as vaginal dryness, dry skin or hair, or mood swings
• notices hot flash triggers that are unrelated to anxiety, such as spicy food, alcohol, hot weather, and hot showers or baths

Menopause can also occur earlier in life. However, for females experiencing hot flash-like symptoms under the age of 40, the cause is less likely to be menopause.

Females experiencing hot flashes may find it helpful to keep a diary to record when they occur and any potential triggers. This may help give someone an idea of whether their symptoms are purely anxiety related, or whether they may be experiencing hormonal shifts.

Some factors can make early menopause more likely, including:

• smoking
• family history of early menopause
• chronic fatigue syndrome, or myalgic encephalitis
• autoimmune diseases that cause the immune system to attack the ovaries
• HIV or AIDS that is not well controlled by medication
• chemotherapy or pelvic radiation therapy, which can temporarily or permanently damage the ovaries
• surgery to remove the ovaries or uterus
• conditions that affect the X chromosome, such as Turner syndrome

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When to see a doctor

In addition to anxiety and menopause, there are some other medical conditions that may cause hot flashes or a general feeling of being too hot. These include:

• hyperthyroidism
• certain medications, especially those that dilate blood vessels or those that affect hormones such as estrogen
• infections, which can cause fever or alternating hot and cold sensations

As a result, it is important to speak with a doctor if hot flashes frequently occur, particularly if they occur when a person does not feel anxious, such as during sleep.

A doctor can perform tests to rule out other conditions, and they can provide support in finding treatment for anxiety, if necessary.

Summary

People can experience anxiety and hot flashes during times of stress or during panic attacks. Sweating, rapid breathing, and a fast heartbeat may also indicate anxiety.

Finding a cool place to calm down can help. Breathing exercises, EFT, and other coping strategies can help with short-term anxiety. Treatment for anxiety typically involves therapy and, sometimes, medication.

However, hot flash symptoms and anxiety can also occur in people who are beginning perimenopause or who have other medical conditions. Speak with a doctor to rule out other possibilities.

The National Institute of Mental Health describe the main symptoms of bipolar disorder as alternating episodes of high and low mood. Changes in energy levels, sleep patterns, ability to focus, and other features can dramatically impact a person’s behavior, work, relationships, and other aspects of life.

Most people experience mood changes at some time, but those related to bipolar disorder are more intense than regular mood changes, and other symptoms can occur. Some people experience psychosis, which can include delusions, hallucinations, and paranoia.

Between episodes, the person’s mood may be stable for months or years, especially if they are following a treatment plan. 

Treatment enables many people with bipolar disorder to work, study, and live a full and productive life. However, when treatment helps a person feel better, they may stop taking their medication. Then, the symptoms can return.

Some aspects of bipolar disorder can make a person feel good. During an elevated mood, they may find they are more sociable, talkative, and creativeTrusted Source. 

However, an elevated mood is unlikely to persist. Even if it does, it may be hard to sustain attention or follow through with plans. This can make it difficult to follow a project through to the end.

Symptoms

According to the International Bipolar Association, symptoms vary between individuals. For some people, an episode can last for several months or years. Others may experience “highs” and “lows” at the same time or in quick succession. 

In “rapid cycling” bipolar disorder, the person will have four or more episodes within a year.

Mania or hypomania

Hypomania and mania are elevated moods. Mania is more intense than hypomania. 

Symptoms can include:

• impaired judgment
• feeing wired
• sleeping little but not feeling tired
• a sense of distraction or boredom
• missing work or school
• underperforming at work or school
• feeling able to do anything
• being sociable and forthcoming, sometimes aggressively so
• engaging in risky behavior
• increased libido
• feeling exhilarated or euphoric
• having high levels of self-confidence, self-esteem, and self-importance
• talking a lot and rapidly
• jumping from one topic to another in conversation
• having “racing” thoughts that come and go quickly, and bizarre ideas that the person may act upon
• denying or not realizing that anything is wrong

Some people with bipolar disorder may spend a lot of money, use recreational drugs, consume alcohol, and participate in dangerous and inappropriate activities. 

For more on the differences between mania and hypomania, click here.

What are the early signs of bipolar disorder in children and teens?

Depressive symptoms

During an episode of bipolar depression, a person may experience:

• a feeling of gloom, despair, and hopelessness
• extreme sadness
• insomnia and sleeping problems
• anxiety about minor issues
• pain or physical problems that do not respond to treatment
• a sense of guilt, which may be misplaced
• eating more or eating less
• weight loss or weight gain
• extreme tiredness, fatigue, and listlessness
• an inability to enjoy activities or interests that usually give pleasure
• difficulty focusing and remembering
• irritability
• sensitivity to noises, smells, and other things that others may not notice
• an inability to face going to work or school, possibly leading to underperformance

In severe cases, the individual may think about ending their life, and they may act on those thoughts.

Suicide prevention

If you know someone at immediate risk of self-harm, suicide, or hurting another person:

• Ask the tough question: “Are you considering suicide?”
• Listen to the person without judgment.
• Call 911 or the local emergency number, or text TALK to 741741 to communicate with a trained crisis counselor.
• Stay with the person until professional help arrives.
• Try to remove any weapons, medications, or other potentially harmful objects.

If you or someone you know is having thoughts of suicide, a prevention hotline can help. The National Suicide Prevention Lifeline is available 24 hours per day at 800-273-8255. During a crisis, people who are hard of hearing can call 800-799-4889.

Click here for more links and local resources.

Is it bipolar disorder or depression? Find out more.

Psychosis

If a “high” or “low” episode is very intense, the person may experience psychosis. They may have trouble differentiating between fantasy and reality.

According to the International Bipolar Foundation, psychosis symptoms during a high include hallucinations, which involve hearing or seeing things that are not there and delusions, which are false but strongly felt beliefs. A person who experiences delusions may believe they are famous, have high-ranking social connections, or have special powers.

During a depressive or “low” episode, they may believe they have committed a crime or are ruined and penniless.

It is possible to manage all these symptoms with appropriate treatment.

Bipolar disorder can also affect memory. Learn more here.https://e3d631edf0b4735552e5215ebe785ca1.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-38/html/container.htmlADVERTISEMENTTry a top-rated app for meditation and sleep

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Types of bipolar disorder

A person may receive a diagnosis of one of three broad types of bipolar disorder. According to NAMI, symptoms occur on a spectrum, and the distinction between the types is not always clear-cut.

Bipolar I disorder

For a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder:

• The individual must have experienced at least one manic episode.
• The person may have had a previous major depressive episode.
• The doctor must rule out other disorders, such as schizophrenia and delusional disorder.

Bipolar II disorder

Bipolar II disorder involves periods of hypomania, but depression is often the dominant state.

For a diagnosis of bipolar II disorder, a person must have had: 

• one or more episodes of depression
• at least one hypomanic episode
• no other diagnosis to explain the mood shifts

A person with hypomania may feel good and function well, but their mood will not be stable, and there is a risk that depression will follow. 

People sometimes think of bipolar II disorder as a milder version. For many, however, it is simply different. As NAMI indicate, people with bipolar II disorder may experience more frequent episodes of depression than people with bipolar I disorder.

Cyclothymia

The National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom note that cyclothymia has similar features to bipolar disorder, but the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) classifies it separately. It involves hypomania and depression, but the changes are less intense.

Nevertheless, cyclothymia can impact a person’s daily life, and a doctor can provide treatment.

Learn more about the bipolar spectrum.

Diagnosis

A medical professional will diagnose bipolar disorder using criteria set out in the DSM-5.

The National Institue of Mental Health (NIMH) explain that in order to receive a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder, a person must have had symptoms for at least 7 days, or less if symptoms were severe enough to need hospitalization. They may also have had a depressive episode lasting at least 2 weeks.

To receive a diagnosis of bipolar II, a person will have experienced at least one cycle of hypomania and depression. 

A doctor may carry out a physical examination and some diagnostic tests, including blood and urine tests, to help rule out other causes. 

It can be challenging for a doctor to diagnose bipolar disorder, as people are more likely to seek help with a low mood than a high mood. As a result, it can be hard for them to distinguish it from depression.

If the person has psychosis, a doctor may misdiagnose their condition as schizophrenia. 

Other complications that may occur with bipolar disorder are:

• use of drugs or alcohol to cope with symptoms
• post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
• anxiety disorder
• attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

NIMH urge healthcare providers to look for signs of mania in the person’s history, to prevent misdiagnosis. Some antidepressants can trigger mania in susceptible people.

A person who receives a diagnosis of bipolar disorder has a lifelong diagnosis. They may enjoy long periods of stability, but they will always live with the condition.

Learn more here about bipolar disorder versus schizophrenia.

Treatment

Treatment aims to stabilize the person’s mood and reduce the severity of symptoms. The goal is to help the person function effectively in daily life. 

Treatment involves a combination of therapies, including: 

• medication
• counseling
• physical intervention
• lifestyle remedies

It can take time to get a correct diagnosis and find a suitable treatment, as individuals react differently, and symptoms vary widely.

Managing bipolar disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic may be challenging. Here, get some tips on how to cope.

Drug treatment

Drug treatments can help stabilize mood and manage symptoms. A doctor will often prescribe a combination of:

• mood stabilizers, such as lithium
• antidepressants
• second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs)
• anticonvulsants, to relieve mania
• medication to help with sleep or anxiety

The doctor may need to adjust the medication over time. Some drugs have side effects, and they can affect individuals differently. If an individual has concerns about their drug treatment, they should talk to their doctor.

A person must: 

• tell the doctor about any other mediations they are using, to reduce the risk of interactions and adverse effects
• follow the doctor’s instructions regarding medication and treatment
• discuss any concerns about adverse effects, and if they feel the treatment is working
• continue taking medication unless the doctor says it is safe to stop
• bear in mind that the drugs can take time to work

If the person discontinues their treatment, symptoms may worsen.

Psychotherapy and counseling

Psychotherapy can help relieve symptoms and equip a person to manage bipolar disorder.

Through cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) and other approaches, the individual can learn to:

• recognize and take steps to manage key triggers, such as stress
• identify early symptoms of an episode and take steps to manage it
• work on factors that help maintain a stable mood for as long as possible
• engage the help of family members, teachers, and colleagues

These steps can help a person maintain positive relationships at home and work. For children and teens with bipolar disorder, a doctor may recommend family therapy.

Find out more about treatments for bipolar depression.

Hospital treatment

Some people may need to spend time in the hospital if there is a risk of them harming themselves or others.

If other treatments have not helped, a doctor may prescribe electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).

Lifestyle remedies

Some lifestyle choices can help maintain a stable mood and manage symptoms. They include:

• maintaining a regular routine
• following a healthful and varied diet
• establishing a regular sleep pattern and taking steps to prevent sleep disturbance
• getting regular exercise

Some people use supplements, but it is essential to discuss this with a doctor first. Some alternative remedies can interact with the drugs used for bipolar disorder. They may make symptoms worse.

Get some tips here on taking care of a parent with bipolar disorder.

Causes

Bipolar disorder appears to result from a combination of factors.

Genetic factors: Bipolar disorder is more common in those who have a family member with the condition. A number of genetic features may be involved.

Biological traits: Research suggests that imbalances in neurotransmitters or hormones that affect the brain may play a role.

Environmental factors: Life events, such as abuse, mental stress, a “significant loss,” or another traumatic event, may trigger an initial episode in a susceptible person.https://e3d631edf0b4735552e5215ebe785ca1.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-38/html/container.html

Outlook 

Bipolar disorder is a relatively common but serious mental health condition that involves changes in mood, energy levels, and attention, alongside other symptoms.

It can severely disrupt a person’s life, but treatment can drastically improve the outlook. 

Treatment may not eliminate mood changes entirely, but working closely with a doctor can make symptoms more manageable and maximize quality of life.

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